High-school/pre-med-level questions on interpreting pedigrees and identifying modes of inheritance (autosomal vs sex-linked, dominant vs recessive, mitochondrial, and common probability tricks).
In a large family, an inherited disease appears in every generation. Both males and females are affected in roughly equal numbers. An affected father can transmit the disease to both his sons and daughters. Unaffected parents never have affected children (ignoring rare new mutations). Which mode of inheritance best fits this description?
Source: entermedschool.org
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src="https://entermedschool.org/embed/questions#{"title":"Genetic Pedigrees & Modes of Inheritance","questions":[{"prompt":"In a large family, an inherited disease appears in every generation. Both males and females are affected in roughly equal numbers. An affected father can transmit the disease to both his sons and daughters. Unaffected parents never have affected children (ignoring rare new mutations). Which mode of inheritance best fits this description?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"Autosomal dominant","isCorrect":true},{"label":"B","body":"Autosomal recessive","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"X-linked recessive","isCorrect":false},{"label":"D","body":"X-linked dominant","isCorrect":false},{"label":"E","body":"Mitochondrial","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"The trait appears in every generation (dominant), affects both sexes equally, and shows male-to-male transmission, all consistent with an autosomal dominant pattern."},{"prompt":"In another family, an inherited disorder appears only in siblings (brothers and sisters) of the same generation. Parents are phenotypically normal but may be related (first cousins). Both males and females can be affected. The trait seems to 'skip' generations. Which mode of inheritance is most consistent with this pattern?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"Autosomal dominant","isCorrect":false},{"label":"B","body":"Autosomal recessive","isCorrect":true},{"label":"C","body":"X-linked recessive","isCorrect":false},{"label":"D","body":"Y-linked","isCorrect":false},{"label":"E","body":"Mitochondrial","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"Unaffected parents with affected children of both sexes, especially with consanguinity and generation skipping, is classic for autosomal recessive inheritance."},{"prompt":"In a pedigree, an inherited disease affects mainly males. Affected males are usually born to unaffected mothers. There is no father-to-son transmission, but affected males are often related through carrier females. Which mode of inheritance is most likely?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"Autosomal recessive","isCorrect":false},{"label":"B","body":"Autosomal dominant","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"X-linked recessive","isCorrect":true},{"label":"D","body":"X-linked dominant","isCorrect":false},{"label":"E","body":"Mitochondrial","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"X-linked recessive traits often affect mainly males, are transmitted by carrier females, and show no male-to-male transmission."},{"prompt":"In a family, all children (sons and daughters) of an affected woman are affected. However, none of the children of an affected man are affected, unless their mother is also affected. Which inheritance pattern best explains this?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"Autosomal dominant","isCorrect":false},{"label":"B","body":"Autosomal recessive","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"X-linked dominant","isCorrect":false},{"label":"D","body":"Y-linked","isCorrect":false},{"label":"E","body":"Mitochondrial","isCorrect":true}],"explanation":"Mitochondrial DNA is inherited from the mother only. Thus affected mothers pass the trait to all children; affected fathers do not transmit it (unless the mother is also affected)."},{"prompt":"In a pedigree, an unusual trait appears only in males. Every affected male has an affected father, and all sons of an affected male are affected. Females are never affected. Which mode of inheritance is most consistent?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"Autosomal dominant","isCorrect":false},{"label":"B","body":"Autosomal recessive","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"X-linked recessive","isCorrect":false},{"label":"D","body":"Y-linked","isCorrect":true},{"label":"E","body":"Mitochondrial","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"Y-linked traits appear only in males and show strict father-to-son transmission."},{"prompt":"In a three-generation pedigree, an affected father has no affected sons but all of his daughters are affected. Affected females pass the trait to about half of their sons and half of their daughters. Which inheritance pattern best fits this description?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"Autosomal dominant","isCorrect":false},{"label":"B","body":"Autosomal recessive","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"X-linked recessive","isCorrect":false},{"label":"D","body":"X-linked dominant","isCorrect":true},{"label":"E","body":"Y-linked","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"In X-linked dominant inheritance, affected males pass the trait to all daughters (they receive his X) and no sons, while affected heterozygous females pass it to about half of all children of either sex."},{"prompt":"An autosomal recessive disease is caused by the allele a. Two phenotypically normal parents have had one affected child (aa). Assuming no new mutations, what are the parents' most likely genotypes?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"AA and AA","isCorrect":false},{"label":"B","body":"AA and aa","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"Aa and Aa","isCorrect":true},{"label":"D","body":"aa and aa","isCorrect":false},{"label":"E","body":"Aa and aa","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"For an autosomal recessive disorder, unaffected parents of an affected child must both be heterozygous carriers (Aa)."},{"prompt":"For the couple in the previous question (both Aa for an autosomal recessive disease), what is the probability that their next child will be affected by the disease?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"1/2","isCorrect":false},{"label":"B","body":"1/3","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"1/4","isCorrect":true},{"label":"D","body":"3/4","isCorrect":false},{"label":"E","body":"0","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"A Punnett square for Aa × Aa gives 1/4 aa (affected), 1/2 Aa (carriers), and 1/4 AA (unaffected non-carriers)."},{"prompt":"The same carrier couple (Aa × Aa) for an autosomal recessive disease already have one affected child (aa). What is the probability that their next TWO children will both be unaffected?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"1/4","isCorrect":false},{"label":"B","body":"3/4","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"9/16","isCorrect":true},{"label":"D","body":"1/2","isCorrect":false},{"label":"E","body":"3/8","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"Each child independently has a 3/4 chance of being unaffected (AA or Aa). For two children: (3/4) × (3/4) = 9/16."},{"prompt":"In an autosomal recessive disease (allele a), two carrier parents (Aa × Aa) have an unaffected child. What is the probability that this unaffected child is a carrier (Aa), given that they are known to be phenotypically normal?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"1/4","isCorrect":false},{"label":"B","body":"1/2","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"2/3","isCorrect":true},{"label":"D","body":"3/4","isCorrect":false},{"label":"E","body":"0","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"From Aa × Aa, unaffected genotypes are AA and Aa in a 1:2 ratio. Among unaffected children, 2 out of 3 are carriers (Aa)."},{"prompt":"A woman is a carrier for an X-linked recessive disease (XᶰXᵈ). Her partner is completely unaffected (XᶰY). What is the probability that a SON of this couple will be affected?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"0","isCorrect":false},{"label":"B","body":"1/4","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"1/2","isCorrect":true},{"label":"D","body":"3/4","isCorrect":false},{"label":"E","body":"1","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"A son receives Y from his father and either Xᶰ (normal) or Xᵈ (mutant) from his mother, with equal probability. Thus 1/2 of sons are affected."},{"prompt":"The same couple as in the previous question (carrier mother for an X-linked recessive disease and unaffected father) ask about their DAUGHTERS. What is the probability that a daughter will be affected by the disease?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"0","isCorrect":true},{"label":"B","body":"1/4","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"1/2","isCorrect":false},{"label":"D","body":"3/4","isCorrect":false},{"label":"E","body":"1","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"Daughters receive a normal Xᶰ from their father and either Xᶰ or Xᵈ from their mother, making them either normal (XᶰXᶰ) or carriers (XᶰXᵈ), but not affected in a simple X-linked recessive condition."},{"prompt":"An affected man with an X-linked recessive disease (XᵈY) has children with a completely normal woman (XᶰXᶰ). What proportion of their SONS will be affected?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"0%","isCorrect":true},{"label":"B","body":"25%","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"50%","isCorrect":false},{"label":"D","body":"75%","isCorrect":false},{"label":"E","body":"100%","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"Sons inherit Y from their father and Xᶰ from their mother, so all sons are XᶰY (unaffected). Affected fathers do not transmit X-linked recessive disorders to their sons."},{"prompt":"In the same cross (affected father XᵈY × normal mother XᶰXᶰ), what proportion of their DAUGHTERS will be carriers?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"0%","isCorrect":false},{"label":"B","body":"25%","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"50%","isCorrect":false},{"label":"D","body":"100%","isCorrect":true},{"label":"E","body":"It depends on the sex ratio","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"All daughters inherit the father's mutant Xᵈ and the mother's normal Xᶰ, making them obligate carriers (XᶰXᵈ)."},{"prompt":"Why is the term 'carrier' usually NOT used for males in X-linked recessive conditions?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"Because males do not inherit X-linked traits","isCorrect":false},{"label":"B","body":"Because males always have two X chromosomes","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"Because males have only one X chromosome, so if they carry the mutant allele they are affected","isCorrect":true},{"label":"D","body":"Because males cannot transmit X chromosomes to offspring","isCorrect":false},{"label":"E","body":"Because male pedigrees are not used in genetics","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"Males are hemizygous for X-linked genes: having one mutant allele means they express the disease, so they are not 'silent' carriers."},{"prompt":"A heterozygous man for an autosomal dominant disease (Aa) has children with an unaffected woman (aa). Assuming full penetrance, what is the probability that a child will inherit the disease?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"0","isCorrect":false},{"label":"B","body":"1/4","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"1/2","isCorrect":true},{"label":"D","body":"3/4","isCorrect":false},{"label":"E","body":"1","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"The cross Aa × aa gives 1/2 Aa (affected) and 1/2 aa (unaffected). Each child has a 50% risk."},{"prompt":"In the autosomal dominant cross Aa × aa from the previous question (full penetrance), what is the probability that an UNaffected child is a carrier of the disease allele?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"0","isCorrect":true},{"label":"B","body":"1/2","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"2/3","isCorrect":false},{"label":"D","body":"3/4","isCorrect":false},{"label":"E","body":"1","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"In a fully penetrant autosomal dominant trait, any individual with allele A is affected. Thus an unaffected child must be aa and cannot carry A."},{"prompt":"In a pedigree for a rare disease, two unaffected parents have an affected child. Which of the following inheritance patterns is LEAST likely if there is no evidence of new mutation or reduced penetrance?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"Autosomal recessive","isCorrect":false},{"label":"B","body":"X-linked recessive (affected son, carrier mother)","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"Autosomal dominant","isCorrect":true},{"label":"D","body":"New mitochondrial mutation in the mother","isCorrect":false},{"label":"E","body":"Autosomal recessive with consanguinity","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"Unaffected parents with an affected child is typical of recessive or X-linked recessive inheritance, or a new mutation. It is inconsistent with a normal fully penetrant autosomal dominant trait."},{"prompt":"A pedigree shows many more affected males than females. Affected males are related through females, and there is no male-to-male transmission. Sometimes the trait 'skips a generation' through unaffected females. Which inheritance is most likely?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"Autosomal recessive","isCorrect":false},{"label":"B","body":"Autosomal dominant","isCorrect":false},{"label":"C","body":"X-linked recessive","isCorrect":true},{"label":"D","body":"X-linked dominant","isCorrect":false},{"label":"E","body":"Mitochondrial","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"The pattern of mostly affected males, no male-to-male transmission and 'skipping' via carrier females is typical of X-linked recessive inheritance."},{"prompt":"A pedigree shows an inherited disease that affects males and females equally. Affected individuals always have at least one affected parent, and there are numerous examples of affected fathers with affected sons. Which inheritance pattern is LEAST likely?","options":[{"label":"A","body":"Autosomal dominant","isCorrect":false},{"label":"B","body":"Autosomal recessive with new mutations in every affected individual","isCorrect":true},{"label":"C","body":"Autosomal recessive with one parent affected and one carrier","isCorrect":false},{"label":"D","body":"Autosomal recessive with both parents affected","isCorrect":false},{"label":"E","body":"Mitochondrial","isCorrect":false}],"explanation":"The described pattern strongly suggests an autosomal dominant trait. Explaining it by recessive inheritance would require highly unlikely coincidental genotypes for many couples."}]}"
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